— 生理適應 · EASY · SATA —
對於心衰竭病人，下列哪些評估發現顯示利尿劑治療有效？（選所有適合的）
Which assessment findings indicate an effective response to diuretic therapy in a client with heart failure? (Select all that apply.)
- AIncreased urine output✓ 正解尿液輸出量增加
- BWeight loss✓ 正解體重減輕
- CDecreased crackles on auscultation✓ 正解聽診時囉音減少
- DIncreased peripheral edema周邊水腫增加
- EImproved oxygen saturation✓ 正解氧氣飽和度改善
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
心衰竭（Heart Failure）治療目標為減輕心臟負擔並改善組織灌流。利尿劑透過抑制腎小管再吸收水分與電解質，有效排除體液滯留。治療有效的指標包括：尿量增加（排泄多餘水份）、體重減輕（觀察流體平衡最準確的指標）、肺部囉音（Crackles）改善（顯示肺水腫減輕），以及氧合飽和度提升（改善呼吸氣體交換）。
Effective diuretic therapy is indicated by increased urine output, weight loss from fluid removal, decreased lung crackles resolving pulmonary edema, and improved oxygen saturation. These findings collectively demonstrate reduced fluid volume and improved cardiac and respiratory function.