— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師在衛教高血壓的可改變風險因子時，應包含下列哪些內容？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following actions should the nurse include when teaching a client about modifiable risk factors for hypertension? (Select all that apply.)
- AMaintaining a healthy body weight✓ 正解維持健康的體重
- BIncreasing daily dietary sodium intake增加每日膳食鈉攝取量
- CEngaging in regular aerobic physical activity✓ 正解參與規律的有氧運動
- DLimiting alcohol consumption✓ 正解限制酒精攝取
- EAdopting the DASH eating plan✓ 正解採用 DASH 飲食計畫
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
高血壓的管理高度依賴生活型態改變（Lifestyle modification）。護理師應強調 DASH 飲食（Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension），其富含蔬果與低飽和脂肪，對降低血壓有實證支持。體重控制、規律有氧運動與限制酒精攝取均能有效降低心血管壓力。相反地，攝取鈉離子會導致水鈉滯留，直接導致血壓升高，必須嚴格限制。
Modifiable risk factors for hypertension can be managed through lifestyle changes such as maintaining a healthy weight, engaging in regular aerobic exercise, limiting alcohol consumption, and adopting the DASH diet. Increasing sodium intake is contraindicated as it contributes to elevated blood pressure.