下列哪些是護理師促進長者腸道健康的有效策略？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following is an effective nursing strategy to promote bowel health in elderly clients? (Select all that apply.)
- AIncrease fiber intake gradually✓ 正解逐漸增加纖維攝取量
- BEncourage adequate fluid intake✓ 正解鼓勵攝取充足的水分
- CPromote regular physical activity✓ 正解促進規律的身體活動
- DRely on daily laxatives to ensure stooling依賴每日緩瀉劑以確保排便
- ELimit fruits and vegetables限制水果和蔬菜的攝取
長者腸道健康維護的核心在於刺激腸道蠕動並維持糞便水分。隨著年齡增長，腸道平滑肌張力下降與活動量減少，極易發生便秘。正確的護理策略應採取非藥物介入優先，包括漸進式增加纖維攝取以避免脹氣，補充足夠水分以軟化糞便，以及透過規律運動促進腸道蠕動。過度依賴緩瀉劑會導致腸道產生依賴性，進而喪失正常的排便反射功能。
The core of maintaining bowel health in older adults is stimulating bowel motility and maintaining adequate stool moisture. As age increases, smooth muscle tone of the intestine decreases and physical activity declines, making constipation common. The appropriate nursing strategy is to use nonpharmacologic interventions first, including gradually increasing fiber intake to avoid bloating, supplementing adequate fluids to soften stools, and promoting bowel motility through regular exercise. Overreliance on laxatives leads to laxative dependence and loss of normal defecation reflex.