以下哪些是影響病人決定採取行動的「健康信念模式」組成部分？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following are components of the 'Health Belief Model' that influence a client's decision to take action? (Select all that apply.)
- APerceived susceptibility to the disease.✓ 正解對疾病的自覺易感性。
- BPerceived severity of the illness.✓ 正解對疾病的自覺嚴重性。
- CPerceived barriers to taking action.✓ 正解對採取行動的自覺障礙。
- DPerceived benefits of the action.✓ 正解對行動的自覺利益。
- EInternal locus of control.內控觀。
本題旨在評估護理師對健康信念模式（Health Belief Model, HBM）核心組成部分的理解。HBM 是一種解釋和預測健康行為的心理學理論，它指出個人採取健康行動的決定受到多個「信念」的影響。護理師運用 HBM 可以更好地理解病人為何會（或不會）採取特定的健康行為，從而設計更具說服力且個人化的健康教育策略。掌握 HBM 有助於護理師有效評估病人的健康動機，並克服其行動障礙，促進健康行為的改變。
This question assesses the nurse's understanding of the core components of the Health Belief Model (HBM). The HBM is a psychological theory used to explain and predict health behaviors, indicating that an individual's decision to take health-related action is influenced by multiple 'beliefs.' By applying the HBM, the nurse can better understand why a client will (or will not) adopt specific health behaviors and design more persuasive, individualized health education strategies. Mastery of the HBM helps the nurse effectively assess the client's health motivation, overcome barriers to action, and promote behavior change.
健康信念模式（Health Belief Model）作為一個健康行為理論，其核心組成部分在美國和台灣的健康教育與研究領域是普遍認可且一致的。護理師在兩地都會運用此模式來評估病人的健康觀念，並以此為基礎設計衛教介入。此理論框架在全球範圍內具有高度的適用性。