— 生理適應 · HARD · MCQ —
護理師照護一位副甲狀腺機能亢進病人，預期會發現哪些檢驗數值？
A nurse is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism. What lab findings are expected?
- AElevated serum calcium✓ 正解血清鈣升高
- BElevated serum phosphorus血清磷升高
- CHypomagnesemia低鎂血症
- DDecreased serum calcium血清鈣降低
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
副甲狀腺素（PTH）的主要功能是調節血鈣與磷的平衡。當副甲狀腺機能亢進時，PTH 分泌過多，會導致骨骼中的鈣釋放到血液中（骨質流失），同時增加腎臟對鈣的再吸收，進而導致高血鈣（Hypercalcemia）。同時，PTH 會抑制腎小管對磷的再吸收，導致磷從尿液流失，造成低血磷（Hypophosphatemia）。
Hyperparathyroidism involves excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH), which mobilizes calcium from bones and increases renal calcium reabsorption, leading to elevated serum calcium levels. Consequently, phosphorus levels typically decrease due to increased renal excretion.