病人被開立靜脈注射呋塞米（Furosemide）40 mg。護理師應監測哪些副作用？（選所有適合的）
A client is prescribed intravenous furosemide 40 mg. The nurse should monitor for which adverse effects? (Select all that apply.)
- AHypokalemia✓ 正解低血鉀
- BHypotension✓ 正解低血壓
- COtotoxicity✓ 正解耳毒性
- DHyperglycemia✓ 正解高血糖
- EHyponatremia✓ 正解低血鈉
Furosemide 為高效利尿劑，會促進電解質排出導致低血鉀（Hypokalemia）、低血鈉（Hyponatremia）。由於液體移除快速，易導致低血壓（Hypotension）。其常見副作用亦包含耳毒性（Ototoxicity，特別是快速推藥時）及高血糖（Hyperglycemia），對於合併糖尿病的病人需特別注意監測。
Furosemide is a loop diuretic that promotes the excretion of sodium, potassium, and water, necessitating monitoring for hypokalemia, hyponatremia, and hypotension. Rapid intravenous administration can also cause ototoxicity, so the nurse must monitor hearing and infusion rates. Additionally, furosemide may interfere with glucose metabolism, potentially leading to hyperglycemia, requiring blood sugar monitoring in susceptible clients.
台美臨床對於 Furosemide 的給藥速率與副作用監測原則一致，皆強調慢速推注以降低耳毒性。