— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師照顧一位嗜中性白血球減少症（neutropenia）的病人，哪些護理措施是正確的？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client with neutropenia. Which interventions are appropriate? (Select all that apply.)
- AEncourage the client to eat fresh fruits and vegetables鼓勵客戶食用新鮮水果和蔬菜
- BPlace the client on protective (reverse) isolation✓ 正解將客戶置於保護性（反向）隔離
- CEnsure staff perform meticulous hand hygiene✓ 正解確保工作人員執行徹底的手部衛生
- DPermit fresh flowers in the client's room允許鮮花進入客戶房間
- EInstruct visitors to stay home if they are symptomatic✓ 正解指示有症狀的訪客留在家中
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
嗜中性白血球減少症（neutropenia）病人保護性隔離（reverse isolation）的核心是防止外源性病原體入侵。重點包括：避免生食（含新鮮蔬果，因表皮可能有菌）、禁止放置鮮花（土壤是黴菌溫床）、嚴格執行手部衛生、訪客篩檢（有感冒症狀者嚴禁入內）。護理師應加強衛教，確保病人與親友了解這些限制對病人存活率的重要性。
Clients with neutropenia require protective isolation to minimize exposure to exogenous pathogens, necessitating strict hand hygiene by staff and restricting visitors who show any signs of illness. Fresh fruits, vegetables, and flowers should be avoided due to the risk of bacterial or fungal contamination, ensuring the immunocompromised client remains protected from potentially fatal infections.