— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
病人被開立華法林（Warfarin）。護理師應強調哪項飲食指導最重要？
A client is prescribed Warfarin. Which dietary instruction is most important for the nurse to emphasize?
- AAvoid all citrus fruits and juices避免所有柑橘類水果及果汁
- BRestrict potassium-rich foods like bananas限制富含鉀的食物，如香蕉
- CMaintain a consistent intake of green leafy vegetables✓ 正解維持綠色葉菜類攝取量的一致性
- DIncrease fiber intake to prevent constipation增加纖維攝取以預防便秘
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
華法林（Warfarin）的作用機轉是抑制維生素 K 依賴性凝血因子。飲食中維生素 K 的攝取量會直接影響藥效。衛教的關鍵在於「維持穩定」，而非禁食。若病人突然大量增加或減少深綠色蔬菜（富含維生素 K）的攝取，會導致國際標準化比值（INR）劇烈波動，增加出血或血栓風險。護理師應指導病人保持飲食習慣的一致性。
Clients taking warfarin must maintain a consistent intake of vitamin K-rich foods, such as green leafy vegetables, to prevent fluctuations in INR levels. Consistency is key, as sudden changes in vitamin K consumption can dangerously alter the medication's anticoagulant effect.