— 安全與感染控制 · HARD · SATA —
護理師照護一位活動性肺結核病人，需啟動哪些隔離措施？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client with active Tuberculosis. Which precautions must be initiated? (Select all that apply.)
- APlace client in a negative-pressure room✓ 正解將客戶安置於負壓隔離室
- BWear a surgical mask when entering the room進入房間時佩戴外科口罩
- CWear an N95 respirator✓ 正解佩戴N95呼吸器
- DPlace a surgical mask on the client during transport✓ 正解在轉送期間讓客戶佩戴外科口罩
- EUse gown and gloves for all contact對所有接觸使用隔離衣和手套
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
肺結核經由空氣傳播，必須採取空氣傳播預防措施：負壓隔離室、醫護人員需戴 N95 口罩、病人運送時需戴外科口罩。外科口罩對結核菌無防護力，故不可作為醫護人員防護， gown 和 gloves 並非空氣隔離的必要項。
Tuberculosis is transmitted by airborne route and requires airborne precautions: a negative-pressure isolation room, N95 respirator for healthcare personnel, and a surgical mask on the patient during transport. Surgical masks are inadequate for healthcare personnel because they cannot filter TB particles, and gowns and gloves are not standard requirements for airborne isolation.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美對肺結核之感染管制皆極為嚴謹，皆強制要求負壓病房與 N95 呼吸防護具。