— 健康促進與維護 · HARD · SATA —
護理師教導客戶關於健康維持。護理師應推薦哪些作為次級預防活動？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a client about health maintenance. Which of the following activities should the nurse recommend as secondary prevention? (Select all that apply.)
- AYearly health physical exam✓ 正解年度健康身體檢查
- BRegular screening for STIs✓ 正解定期篩檢性傳染病
- CHealthy diet education健康飲食教育
- DRoutine hearing screening in adults✓ 正解成人常規聽力篩檢
- ESupport groups for cancer survivors癌症倖存者支持團體
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
次級預防的關鍵字是「篩檢（Screening）」與「早期診斷」。年度體檢、性病篩檢與聽力篩檢，皆是在病人可能無症狀的情況下進行檢查，目的是儘早發現潛在的健康問題。健康教育屬於初級預防，而支持團體屬於三級預防。在 NCLEX 題目中，只要看到「Routine（常規）」或「Screening（篩檢）」字眼，幾乎都指向次級預防。
Secondary prevention focuses on early detection through screening and routine assessments, such as annual physical exams, STI screenings, and hearing tests. These interventions identify health issues before symptoms become apparent or worsen. In contrast, health education represents primary prevention, while support groups for survivors fall under tertiary prevention.