— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師準備對病人靜脈輸注氯化鉀，下列哪項措施是必須執行的？
A nurse is preparing to administer IV potassium chloride to a client. Which action is essential for the nurse to take?
- AAdminister as an IV bolus to ensure quick absorption作為靜脈推注以確保快速吸收
- BAdminister only if the client is on a continuous cardiac monitor僅在客戶連接連續心電圖監測器時給予
- CEnsure the concentration does not exceed 10 mEq/100 mL確保濃度不超過 10 mEq/100 mL
- DVerify that the client has a urinary output of at least 0.5 mL/kg/hr✓ 正解確認客戶的尿液輸出量至少為 0.5 mL/kg/hr
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
靜脈輸注鉀離子（Potassium chloride）具有致命風險，特別是若腎功能不佳無法排除鉀，會導致高血鉀（Hyperkalemia）引發心律不整。因此，給藥前確認病人的尿輸出量（Urine output）是否達標（通常要求 > 0.5 mL/kg/hr）以確保腎功能正常，是給藥安全的核心指標。
Intravenous potassium must never be administered as a bolus due to the risk of fatal cardiac arrest. Before administration, it is essential to verify that the client has adequate renal function, indicated by a urinary output of at least 0.5 mL/kg/hr, to ensure potassium can be safely excreted and prevent hyperkalemia.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫院對於靜脈鉀離子的給予有極嚴格的 protocol，通常必須使用輸液幫浦（IV pump）且嚴格監控滴速，絕不可徒手滴注。