— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師對社區團體進行健康促進衛教。下列哪些屬於初級預防的例子？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a community group about health promotion. Which of the following are examples of primary prevention? (Select all that apply.)
- AChildhood immunizations✓ 正解兒童免疫接種
- BAnnual mammography screenings年度乳房攝影篩檢
- CEducating about safe sex practices✓ 正解安全性行為衛教
- DOccupational health safety training✓ 正解職業健康安全訓練
- ECardiac rehabilitation after a heart attack心肌梗塞後的心臟復健
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
初級預防旨在「預防疾病發生」。免疫接種（A）、安全性行為衛教（C）與職業安全訓練（D）皆在疾病發生前進行，以消除風險因子。B（乳房攝影）屬於篩檢，是次級預防。E（心臟復健）屬於三級預防，旨在減少已發生疾病後的失能。
Primary prevention aims to prevent disease before it occurs, such as through childhood immunizations, education on safe sex practices, and occupational safety training. In contrast, screenings like mammography are secondary prevention, and cardiac rehabilitation is tertiary prevention focused on reducing disability after illness.
✦ 台美臨床差異
公共衛生架構在全球公衛體系皆一致，並無顯著差異。