— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · EASY · MCQ —
病人正接受靜脈注射萬古黴素（Vancomycin）。護理師應監測哪項實驗室數值以預防毒性？
A client is being treated with intravenous vancomycin. The nurse should monitor which laboratory values to prevent toxicity?
- AAmylase and lipase澱粉酶和脂肪酶
- BProthrombin time (PT)凝血酶原時間 (PT)
- CBlood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine✓ 正解血液尿素氮 (BUN) 和肌酸酐
- DSerum potassium and sodium血清鉀和鈉
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
萬古黴素具有顯著的腎毒性（Nephrotoxicity）和耳毒性（Ototoxicity）。監測 BUN 和肌酸酐（Creatinine）是評估腎功能、預防毒性累積的關鍵。臨床上也會監測藥物谷濃度（Trough level）來調整劑量。
Vancomycin is nephrotoxic, so monitoring blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine is essential to assess kidney function and prevent toxicity accumulation. While ototoxicity is also a risk, renal parameters are the primary laboratory values used to guide safe administration.
✦ 台美臨床差異
在美國，Vancomycin 的藥物血中濃度監測（TDM）通常由藥師依據腎功能建議劑量；台灣多由醫師主導，護理師負責準確採血時間。