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健康促進與維護 · HARD · SATA

護理師評估病人的健康社會決定因子(SDOH)。下列哪些因素屬此範疇?(選所有適合的)

A nurse is assessing a client for social determinants of health (SDOH). Which factors are considered SDOH? (Select all that apply.)

  • AEconomic stability✓ 正解
    經濟穩定性
  • BGenetic predisposition to heart disease
    心臟病的遺傳易感性
  • CAccess to quality education✓ 正解
    優質教育的取得
  • DNeighborhood and built environment✓ 正解
    社區與建成環境
  • EHealthcare access and quality✓ 正解
    醫療取得與品質
Explanation · 中文詳解

健康社會決定因子(Social Determinants of Health, SDOH)是指個體在出生、成長、生活、工作與老化環境中,影響健康結果與生活品質的非醫療因素。這些因子包含經濟條件、教育水準、居住環境及醫療服務的可近性。正確選項涵蓋了 SDOH 的五大領域。臨床上,護理師需評估病人是否因這些因素導致遵囑性低或健康惡化,並連結社工資源提供協助。

Social determinants of health include economic stability, access to quality education, neighborhood environment, and healthcare access, as these non-medical factors significantly influence health outcomes. Genetic predisposition is a biological factor and not considered a social determinant, so it is excluded from this classification.

✦ 台美臨床差異

美國護理教育極度重視 SDOH 的評估,常將其納入出院規劃(Discharge Planning)與個案管理(Case Management)。台灣臨床較少使用「SDOH」這一專有名詞進行系統性評估,多由社工師協助處理相關問題。

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