— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位 55 歲客戶諮詢關於大腸癌篩檢的建議。護理師應提供什麼資訊？
A 55-year-old client asks the nurse about screening recommendations for colorectal cancer. Which information should the nurse provide?
- AFecal immunochemical test (FIT) is done every 5 years糞便免疫化學檢測（FIT）每5年進行一次
- BDigital rectal exam is the preferred screening method數位直腸檢查是首選篩檢方法
- CColonoscopy should be performed every 10 years✓ 正解大腸鏡檢查應每10年進行一次
- DScreening is only necessary if there is a family history僅在有家族史時才需要篩檢
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
依美國癌症協會指引，大腸鏡檢查是篩檢大腸癌的黃金標準，若結果正常，每 10 年進行一次即可。FIT（糞便免疫化學測試）應每年進行；篩檢不分有無家族史，為一般人群的健康促進事項；直腸指檢不足以作為大腸癌篩檢工具。
According to American Cancer Society guidelines, colonoscopy is the gold standard for colorectal cancer screening and should be performed every 10 years for average-risk adults. Other methods like the fecal immunochemical test require annual testing, and screening is recommended for all adults starting at age 45 regardless of family history.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國建議從 45 歲開始；台灣國健署針對 50-74 歲民眾提供每兩年一次免費糞便潛血檢查。