— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師教導病人關於旅遊安全。對於前往發展中國家的旅客，應強調哪些措施？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is educating a client about travel safety. Which measures should be emphasized for travelers in developing countries? (Select all that apply.)
- ADrinking bottled or boiled water.✓ 正解飲用瓶裝水或煮沸過的開水
- BAvoiding raw fruits and vegetables.✓ 正解避免食用生鮮水果和蔬菜
- CEating street foods from popular stalls.食用受歡迎攤販的路邊小吃
- DEnsuring routine vaccinations are up to date.✓ 正解確保常規疫苗接種已更新
- ETaking anti-malarial medication if advised.✓ 正解若經建議，服用抗瘧疾藥物
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
前往衛生條件較差地區，飲用水需喝瓶裝或煮沸（A）、避免生食蔬果（B）以防寄生蟲與腸道病菌；行前補齊常規疫苗（D）與預防瘧疾（E）是旅遊醫學的核心建議。C 錯誤：路邊攤攤位衛生難控，即使受歡迎也不保證食安，建議避免。
Travelers should drink bottled or boiled water and avoid raw fruits and vegetables to prevent ingestion of enteric pathogens. Additionally, ensuring routine vaccinations are up to date and taking anti-malarial prophylaxis in endemic areas are essential preventive measures, whereas street food should be avoided due to hygiene concerns.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣旅遊醫學門診成長迅速，對於高危險地區的疫苗與藥物建議與美國臨床指引一致。