— 健康促進與維護 · HARD · SATA —
護理師與個案討論健康促進。評估健康社會決定因子時，應包含哪些組成部分？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is discussing health promotion with a client. Which components should be included when evaluating social determinants of health? (Select all that apply.)
- AAccess to healthy food options✓ 正解取得健康食物的管道
- BQuality of neighborhood environment✓ 正解社區環境的品質
- CLevel of education attained✓ 正解attained 的教育程度（ attained 應為 attained，此處保留原意：達成的教育程度 / 受教育程度）
- DStability of housing✓ 正解居住的穩定性
- EGenetic predisposition to rare diseases罕見疾病的遺傳易感性
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
健康社會決定因子（Social Determinants of Health, SDOH）是指人們出生、成長、生活、工作與老化的環境條件，這些因素對健康的影響遠大於臨床醫療。評估 SDOH 有助於護理師了解個案的健康行為障礙，並制定更切合實際的照護計畫。護理師應考量經濟穩定、教育機會、醫療可近性與社會環境等層面。
Social determinants of health (SDOH) are the conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work, and age. These factors influence health far more than clinical care alone. Assessing SDOH helps the nurse identify barriers to healthy behaviors and develop more realistic plans of care. The nurse should consider economic stability, educational opportunity, access to healthcare, and the social environment.