— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師對一位有高血壓病史的病人進行出院衛教，建議哪些生活型態調整？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is providing discharge education to a client with a history of hypertension. Which lifestyle modifications are recommended? (Select all that apply.)
- AAdopting the DASH diet✓ 正解採用 DASH 飲食
- BMaintaining a BMI between 18.5 and 24.9✓ 正解維持 BMI 在 18.5 至 24.9 之間
- CLimiting daily sodium intake to 2300 mg✓ 正解將每日鈉攝取量限制在 2300 mg
- DEngaging in aerobic exercise for 30 minutes daily✓ 正解每天進行 30 分鐘的有氧運動
- EComplete elimination of all carbohydrate intake完全消除所有碳水化合物攝取
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
高血壓控制的非藥物療法包括：DASH 飲食（高鉀、高鎂、高鈣、低飽和脂肪）、控制體重（BMI 正常範圍）、限制鈉攝取（建議 2300mg/day 以下，理想為 1500mg）、規律有氧運動。E 錯誤：碳水化合物並非絕對禁止，重點是選擇優質複合式醣類而非精緻糖。
Recommended lifestyle modifications for hypertension include adopting the DASH diet, maintaining a healthy BMI, limiting sodium intake, and engaging in regular aerobic exercise. These evidence-based strategies help lower blood pressure by improving vascular health and reducing fluid retention. Eliminating all carbohydrates is unnecessary and potentially harmful; balanced nutrition with complex carbs is preferred.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美皆推廣 DASH 飲食，但在美國這類教育常由健康教練（Health Coach）加強跟進。