護理師為有日落症候群的失智症個案規劃照護。下列哪些介入措施應包含在內？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is planning care for a client with dementia who experiences sundowning. Which interventions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
- AMaintaining a calm and quiet environment in the evening✓ 正解在傍晚維持安靜平和的環境
- BIncreasing activity level late in the day在當天晚些時候增加活動量
- CProviding adequate lighting to reduce shadows✓ 正解提供充足的照明以減少陰影
- DOffering frequent naps during the day在白天提供多次午睡
- EKeeping a consistent daily routine✓ 正解保持一致的每日例行程序
日落症候群（Sundowning syndrome）常見於失智症病人，特徵是在傍晚時分出現激動、混亂、焦慮或定向感障礙。護理介入需著重於減少感官負荷與提供預測性環境。保持環境安靜可減少焦慮；充足照明可防止陰影造成的視覺錯覺（幻覺）；規律的日常作息能提供安全感。此外，白天應鼓勵適度活動，避免頻繁午睡，以確保夜間睡眠品質。
Sundowning syndrome is common in clients with dementia and is characterized by agitation, confusion, anxiety, or disorientation appearing in the late afternoon and evening. Nursing interventions should focus on reducing sensory load and providing a predictable environment. Maintaining a quiet environment reduces anxiety; adequate lighting prevents visual misperceptions (hallucinations) caused by shadows; and a consistent daily routine provides a sense of security. In addition, moderate activity should be encouraged during the day, avoiding frequent napping to preserve nighttime sleep quality.