— 健康促進與維護 · HARD · SATA —
一位 30 歲女性計畫懷孕。護理師應給予哪些孕前健康建議？（選所有適合的）
A 30-year-old woman is planning a pregnancy. Which advice should the nurse provide regarding preconception health? (Select all that apply.)
- AStart taking folic acid supplements daily✓ 正解每日開始服用葉酸補充劑
- BMaintain a healthy body weight✓ 正解維持健康體重
- CEnsure all vaccinations are up to date✓ 正解確保所有疫苗接種已更新
- DDrink herbal tea to replace all water consumption飲用草本茶以取代所有水分攝取
- ELimit caffeine intake✓ 正解限制咖啡因攝取量
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
孕前照護（Preconception Care）目標在於優化母親健康以保障胎兒發育。葉酸能預防神經管缺陷（Neural Tube Defects）；健康體重可降低妊娠糖尿病與高血壓風險；疫苗接種可預防垂直感染；限制咖啡因則有助於降低流產與早產風險。護理師應評估個案的生活型態與藥物使用，以建立安全的受孕環境。
The goal of preconception care is to optimize maternal health to safeguard fetal development. Folic acid prevents neural tube defects; a healthy body weight reduces the risk of gestational diabetes and hypertension; vaccination prevents vertical transmission; and limiting caffeine helps reduce the risk of miscarriage and preterm birth. The nurse should assess the client's lifestyle and medication use to create a safe environment for conception.