— 健康促進與維護 · EASY · MCQ —
校護評估一位 10 歲兒童。此年齡層預期的發展里程碑為何？
A school nurse is assessing a 10-year-old child. Which developmental milestone is expected for this age group?
- AFocusing primarily on imaginative play主要專注於想像遊戲
- BDeveloping a sense of industry and peer relationships✓ 正解發展勤奮感與同儕關係
- CEngaging in parallel play with other children與其他兒童進行並行遊戲
- DEstablishing a strong sense of autonomy建立強烈的自主感
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
根據艾瑞克森發展階段，學齡期兒童（6-12 歲）處於「勤奮對自卑」階段。他們開始重視同儕互動、在學校中追求表現以及習得新技能。並行遊戲（Parallel play）屬於幼兒期，自主感屬於幼兒期，想像力遊戲則屬於學齡前期。
According to Erikson's stages of development, school-age children (ages 6-12) are in the 'industry vs. inferiority' stage. They begin to value peer interaction, seek achievement in school, and acquire new skills. Parallel play is characteristic of toddlerhood, the sense of autonomy belongs to toddlerhood as well, and imaginative play is typical of the preschool period.
✦ 台美臨床差異
教育體制略有不同，但兒童心理發展歷程在美台評估指標一致。