— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師照顧一位剛中風的成人病人。哪項護理介入最能促進長期的健康維持？
A nurse is caring for an adult client with a recent stroke. Which nursing intervention best promotes health maintenance in the long term?
- AEncouraging the client to perform self-care activities as much as possible✓ 正解鼓勵病人盡可能進行自理活動
- BLimiting communication to reduce fatigue限制溝通以減少疲勞
- CKeeping the client in bed to prevent falls讓病人卧床以防止跌倒
- DFeeding the client to ensure adequate nutrition餵食病人以確保營養充足
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
鼓勵病人進行自我照顧（Self-care）是促進功能恢復與維持獨立性的關鍵。過度協助（如直接餵食）會導致功能退化，長期臥床會造成肌肉萎縮與併發症，限制溝通則會影響復健動機。因此，在安全範圍內鼓勵自主是復健核心。
Encouraging the client to perform self-care is essential to promoting functional recovery and maintaining independence. Excessive assistance (such as feeding directly) leads to deconditioning; prolonged bed rest causes muscle atrophy and complications; and limiting communication undermines motivation for rehabilitation. Therefore, encouraging autonomy within safe limits is the core principle of rehabilitation.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣長照政策下，護理師常結合物理治療師教導照顧者協助技巧，避免「過度保護」。