— 健康促進與維護 · EASY · MCQ —
一位 55 歲病人詢問關於大腸癌篩檢的建議。護理師應提供下列哪項資訊？
A 55-year-old client asks the nurse about screening for colorectal cancer. Which information should the nurse provide?
- AScreening is not recommended after age 5050 歲後不建議篩檢
- BScreening is only necessary if there is blood in the stool只有當糞便中有血時才需要篩檢
- CColonoscopy should be performed every 10 years starting at age 45✓ 正解應從 45 歲開始每 10 年進行一次大腸鏡檢查
- DFecal occult blood testing should be done every 5 years糞便潛血測試應每 5 年進行一次
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
大腸直腸癌（Colorectal cancer）的篩檢指引近年來已更新，美國癌症學會（ACS）建議一般風險族群從 45 歲開始進行常規篩檢。大腸鏡檢查（Colonoscopy）是目前最精確的篩檢方式，若結果正常，可每 10 年追蹤一次。早期發現息肉並切除，可有效阻斷癌症發展，這對於提升存活率至關重要。
Current guidelines recommend that average-risk individuals begin colorectal cancer screening at age 45. A colonoscopy is the preferred method and should be repeated every 10 years if normal, as early detection of polyps can prevent cancer development.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫學指引已將大腸癌篩檢年齡起始點由 50 歲下修至 45 歲，這是為了回應近年來年輕族群大腸癌發病率上升的趨勢。