一位病人被處方使用阿托伐他汀 (Lipitor) 治療高血脂。護理師應監測哪些潛在的不良反應？（選所有適合的）
A client is prescribed atorvastatin (Lipitor) for hyperlipidemia. The nurse should monitor for which potential adverse effect? (Select all that apply.)
- AMuscle pain and weakness✓ 正解肌肉疼痛和無力
- BIncreased appetite食慾增加
- CElevated liver enzymes✓ 正解肝臟酵素升高
- DDecreased blood pressure血壓下降
- ENausea and vomiting✓ 正解噁心和嘔吐
Atorvastatin（他汀類藥物）主要用於抑制膽固醇合成。其最嚴重的潛在副作用是橫紋肌溶解症 (Rhabdomyolysis)，表現為肌肉疼痛與無力，若未及時發現，可能導致腎衰竭。此外，該藥物可能對肝細胞產生毒性，引起肝指數升高。胃腸道不適則是常見的耐受性問題。監測這些副作用是長期用藥安全的核心。
Atorvastatin (a statin) is used primarily to inhibit cholesterol synthesis. Its most serious potential adverse effect is rhabdomyolysis, manifested as muscle pain and weakness, which may lead to renal failure if not detected promptly. In addition, the drug can be toxic to hepatocytes, causing elevated liver enzymes. Gastrointestinal discomfort is a common tolerance issue. Monitoring these adverse effects is the cornerstone of safe long-term use.