護理師教導病人服用舌下硝酸甘油治療穩定性心絞痛。下列哪些敘述表示病人理解正確？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a client about taking sublingual nitroglycerin for stable angina. Which statements by the client indicate a correct understanding? (Select all that apply.)
- AI should keep the bottle in a dark, cool place✓ 正解我應該將瓶子存放在陰涼處
- BI can take up to three tablets, spaced 5 minutes apart✓ 正解我可以每次服用三片，間隔5分鐘
- CIf pain persists after one tablet, I should call 911 immediately如果服用一片後疼痛仍未緩解，我應該立即撥打911
- DA tingling sensation under the tongue indicates the medication is potent✓ 正解舌下有刺痛感表示藥物具有效力
- EI should swallow the tablet immediately after placing it under my tongue我應該在將藥片置於舌下後立即吞下
舌下硝酸甘油（NTG）使用衛教重點：A. 對光與熱不穩定，需在原裝深色玻璃瓶中避光保存；B. 標準給藥指引為「每 5 分鐘 1 顆，最多 3 顆」（NCLEX 教材主流）；D. 舌下刺痛或灼熱感顯示藥物有效。錯誤：E. 吞服會經肝臟首過代謝失效。注意 C：AHA 2018 後對心臟病人的「新指引」建議第一顆無效即撥 911，但 NCLEX 主流仍以 B（最多 3 顆等待）為標準教學；兩種版本並存，此題以 A,B,D 為核心衛教。
Key teaching points for sublingual nitroglycerin (NTG): A. NTG is unstable in light and heat, so it must be stored in its original dark glass bottle, protected from light. B. The standard dosing guideline is one tablet every 5 minutes, up to a maximum of 3 tablets (the mainstream NCLEX teaching). D. A tingling or burning sensation under the tongue indicates the medication is potent and active. Incorrect: E. Swallowing the tablet inactivates it via hepatic first-pass metabolism. Note regarding C: Post-2018 AHA guidance recommends that high-risk cardiac patients call 911 immediately if the first tablet is ineffective, but the traditional NCLEX teaching remains "up to 3 tablets, 5 minutes apart." Both versions coexist; the core teaching for this item is A, B, and D.
台灣病人常誤以為硝酸甘油是「降血壓藥」而隨意服用，美國護理衛教強調其作為「血管擴張劑」對急性心絞痛的緩解機轉。此外，美國強調在服用第一顆無效時即撥打 911 (EMS)，而非等待全部劑量用完。