— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA —
病人正在靜脈輸注萬古黴素（Vancomycin）。護理師應監測哪些紅人症候群（Red Man Syndrome）的徵兆？（選所有適合的）
A client is receiving vancomycin IV. Which symptoms should the nurse monitor for signs of Red Man Syndrome? (Select all that apply.)
- AHypotension✓ 正解低血壓
- BFlushing of the face and neck✓ 正解面部和頸部潮紅
- CWheezing哮鳴音
- DPruritus✓ 正解搔癢
- ETachycardia✓ 正解心跳過速
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
紅人症候群（Red Man Syndrome）是一種因萬古黴素（Vancomycin）輸注速度過快而導致組織胺（Histamine）大量釋放的輸注反應。其臨床特徵包括臉部、頸部與上半身出現潮紅、搔癢，並常伴隨血壓下降與心跳過速。發現這些徵兆時，護理師應立即減慢或停止輸注，並根據醫囑給予抗組織胺處理。
Red Man Syndrome is an infusion reaction caused by rapid infusion of vancomycin, which triggers massive histamine release. Clinical features include flushing, pruritus, and rash on the face, neck, and upper torso, often accompanied by hypotension and tachycardia. When these signs are recognized, the nurse should immediately slow or stop the infusion and administer antihistamines as ordered.