— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師在缺鐵性貧血病人身上預期會觀察到哪些發現？（選所有適合的）
Which assessment findings should a nurse expect in a client with iron-deficiency anemia? (Select all that apply.)
- AGlossitis (smooth, sore tongue)✓ 正解舌炎（平滑、疼痛的舌頭）
- BKoilonychia (spoon-shaped nails)✓ 正解匙狀甲（勺形指甲）
- CTachycardia during exertion✓ 正解活動時心搏過速
- DBradycardia at rest靜息時心搏過緩
- EPica (craving for non-nutritive substances)✓ 正解異食癖（渴望非營養物質）
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
缺鐵性貧血（Iron-deficiency anemia）導致血液攜氧能力下降，身體為了代償組織缺氧，會出現心搏過速。長期缺鐵會影響上皮組織營養，導致舌炎（Glossitis）與匙狀甲（Koilonychia）。異食癖（Pica）如吃冰塊或泥土，是嚴重缺鐵的特殊表現。心搏過緩（D）與此病症不符，因為身體會傾向增加心輸出量來代償。
Iron-deficiency anemia reduces oxygen-carrying capacity, causing compensatory tachycardia during exertion. Chronic iron deficiency also affects epithelial tissues, resulting in glossitis and koilonychia, while pica is a classic behavioral manifestation of severe deficiency.