護理師為強迫症（OCD）病人進行護理計畫，病人有洗手強迫行為，應包含下列哪些策略？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is providing education to a client with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) who performs hand-washing rituals. Which of the following strategies should the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.)
- AAllow time for rituals during the initial phase of treatment✓ 正解在治療初期允許進行儀式行為的時間
- BForce the client to stop the ritual immediately強制病人立即停止儀式行為
- CProvide positive reinforcement for non-ritualistic behaviors✓ 正解對非儀式行為提供正向增強
- DGradually decrease the time allowed for the ritual✓ 正解逐漸減少允許進行儀式行為的時間
- EEncourage the client to discuss the underlying anxiety✓ 正解鼓勵病人討論潛在的焦慮情緒
治療 OCD 的原則是逐步減少強迫行為，而非強制立即停止，否則會引發極大焦慮。初期應允許少量儀式時間，透過獎勵正向行為、漸進式減量（Response Prevention）以及討論焦慮源頭，逐步幫助個案建立新的應對機制。
The treatment principle for OCD is to gradually decrease compulsive behaviors rather than force immediate cessation, which would provoke extreme anxiety. In the early stage, some ritual time should be allowed; through reinforcement of positive behaviors, gradual reduction (response prevention), and discussion of underlying anxiety, the client is helped to develop new coping mechanisms.
美國護理師多運用 CBT 技術輔導；台灣則常依賴藥物治療與護理師的結構化生活安排。