一名有高血壓病史的病人因血壓 180/110 mmHg 入院，護理師預期會觀察到下列哪項末端器官受損的早期症狀？
A client with a history of hypertension is admitted with a blood pressure of 180/110 mmHg. The nurse expects which early symptom of end-organ damage?
- APeripheral edema周邊水腫
- BAbdominal distention腹部膨脹
- CWheezing喘鳴音
- DBlurred vision✓ 正解視力模糊
高血壓急症時，視網膜微血管受損導致視力模糊是常見的早期徵兆。末端器官如腦、心、腎、眼最易受影響。視力變化提示腦部壓力增加或視網膜缺血，需立即處理以防永久性視神經損傷。其他選項如水腫多與心臟衰竭有關，非高血壓急症首要表現。
During a hypertensive emergency, damage to retinal microvasculature commonly causes blurred vision and is an early warning sign. End organs such as the brain, heart, kidneys, and eyes are most easily affected. Visual changes suggest elevated cerebral pressure or retinal ischemia and require immediate treatment to prevent permanent optic nerve damage. Other options such as peripheral edema are more often related to heart failure rather than to a hypertensive emergency.
台美臨床對高血壓急症的藥物處方選擇類似，均強調防止進一步器官損傷，護理重點皆在嚴密監測神經學變化。