— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位病患正在接受萬古黴素（Vancomycin）靜脈輸注，輸注不久後出現潮紅、搔癢及低血壓。護理師的優先處置為何？
A client is receiving an IV infusion of vancomycin. The nurse notes the client develops flushing, pruritus, and hypotension shortly after the infusion begins. What is the nurse's priority action?
- ASlow the rate of the infusion減慢輸注速率
- BObtain vital signs測量生命徵象
- CAdminister an antihistamine給予抗組織胺
- DStop the infusion immediately✓ 正解立即停止輸注
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
此臨床表現為紅人症候群（Red Man Syndrome），係因萬古黴素輸注過快導致組織胺釋放。雖然紅人症通常與輸注速率有關，但出現低血壓代表可能進展為嚴重過敏反應或循環不穩定，故第一步應立即暫停藥物輸注，而非僅減慢速率，以避免嚴重過敏反應繼續惡化。
These findings represent Red Man Syndrome, a histamine-release reaction caused by rapid vancomycin infusion. Although it is typically rate-related, the presence of hypotension suggests possible progression to a severe reaction or hemodynamic instability. The first step is to stop the infusion rather than simply slow it, to prevent further deterioration.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美臨床對於此類藥物輸注過敏的處理邏輯一致，均強調先中斷給藥。