護理師進入病房發現廢紙簍起火。將病人移至安全處後，護理師下一個行動應該是什麼？
A nurse enters a client's room and discovers a fire in the wastebasket. After moving the client to safety, what is the nurse's next action?
- AActivate the fire alarm pull station✓ 正解啟動火災警報拉閘
- BCall the hospital operator to report the fire location打電話給醫院總機報告火災位置
- CClose the door to the room to contain the fire關閉房門以控制火勢
- DAttempt to extinguish the fire with a portable extinguisher嘗試使用手提式滅火器撲滅火災
火災處理遵循 RACE 原則：R (Rescue) 救援、D (Alarm) 警報、A (Confine) 侷限、E (Extinguish) 滅火。題幹中護理師已經完成了 R（將病人移至安全處），接下來必須進行 A。啟動火警警鈴（Alarm）能通知整個機構並啟動自動消防系統，是後續所有支援的前提。為什麼不先選 C（關門）？雖然關門是 C 的步驟，但在大多數標準作業程序中，啟動警鈴的順序優於侷限火勢。A（滅火）是最後一步，且必須在確保自身安全且火勢可控的情況下才進行。這是一套標準化的應變邏輯。
Fire response follows RACE: Rescue, Alarm, Confine, Extinguish. The nurse has completed R (moved the client to safety) and must now proceed to A. Activating the fire alarm pull station notifies the entire facility and triggers automatic fire response systems, which is the prerequisite for all subsequent assistance. Closing the door (C) corresponds to C and follows the alarm step in most protocols. Extinguishing (A option) is the final step and only attempted when safe and the fire is small.
美國醫院火災演習極度頻繁，RACE 原則被視為護理人員的直覺反應；台灣近年因數次醫院火災，也大幅加強了 R.A.C.E. 的訓練，但實務中常強調『通報、廣播』的流程與美規略有差異。