— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
下列哪位病人發生感染的風險最高？
Which client is at the highest risk for developing an infection?
- AA client with a closed fracture患有閉鎖性骨折的病人
- BA client receiving physical therapy接受物理治療的病人
- CA client with well-controlled type 2 diabetes患有控制良好之第二型糖尿病的病人
- DA client receiving immunosuppressive therapy✓ 正解接受免疫抑制療法的病人
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
感染風險評估需考量宿主的免疫狀態。免疫抑制治療（Immunosuppressive therapy）會導致白血球功能受損或數量減少，顯著降低身體對抗病原體的能力，使病人極易發生伺機性感染（Opportunistic infection）。臨床思路應優先評估免疫系統受損程度，以採取嚴格的預防感染措施（如保護性隔離）。
Infection risk assessment must consider the host's immune status. Immunosuppressive therapy impairs leukocyte function or reduces leukocyte numbers, significantly diminishing the body's ability to defend against pathogens and placing the client at high risk for opportunistic infection. Clinically, the immune status should be assessed first to determine the appropriate infection-prevention measures, such as protective isolation.