— 基本照護與舒適 · EASY · MCQ —
一位禁食（NPO）準備手術的病人，護理師應採取何種措施以提升舒適度？
A nurse is caring for a client who is NPO for surgery. Which action should the nurse take to provide comfort?
- APerform frequent oral hygiene with a damp swab✓ 正解使用濕棉棒頻繁進行口腔護理
- BApply an ice pack to the abdomen to reduce hunger在腹部放置冰袋以減輕飢餓感
- CAdminister an oral analgesic for dry mouth給予口服止痛藥以緩解口乾
- DAllow the client to suck on hard candy允許病人含硬糖
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
禁食病人常因無法喝水而感到口腔黏膜乾燥不適。給予適當的口腔護理（使用濕潤棉棒）可緩解不適，且不會產生吞嚥風險或刺激胃酸分泌。其他選項如糖果會刺激消化液，藥物非治療口乾的首選，冰敷腹部則可能引起寒顫或腸蠕動改變。
Patients on NPO status often experience dryness and discomfort of the oral mucosa because they cannot drink water. Providing appropriate oral care (using moistened swabs) relieves discomfort without creating a swallowing risk or stimulating gastric acid secretion. The other options are inappropriate: candy stimulates digestive secretions, oral analgesics are not first-line therapy for dry mouth, and applying an ice pack to the abdomen may cause chills or alter bowel motility.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣醫院對 NPO 執行嚴格，術前衛教常會特別強調禁食期間口腔護理的正確執行方式。