— 健康促進與維護 · EASY · MCQ —
一位 55 歲病人詢問關於大腸癌篩檢的建議頻率。護理師應提供何種資訊？
A 55-year-old client asks the nurse about the recommended frequency for colorectal cancer screening. Which information should the nurse provide?
- ASigmoidoscopy every 2 years每 2 年進行一次乙狀結腸鏡檢查
- BBarium enema every year每年進行一次鋇劑灌腸
- CFecal occult blood test every 5 years每 5 年進行一次糞便潛血檢查
- DColonoscopy every 10 years✓ 正解每 10 年進行一次大腸鏡檢查
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
根據美國預防服務工作小組 (USPSTF) 指引，平均風險成年人應從 45 歲開始至 75 歲定期篩檢。大腸鏡 (Colonoscopy) 因具備診斷與治療息肉功能，是篩檢的金標準，建議每 10 年執行一次，若有家族史則需更頻繁。
According to the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) guidelines, average-risk adults should undergo regular screening starting at age 45 through age 75. Colonoscopy, with its capacity for both diagnosis and treatment of polyps, is the gold standard for screening and is recommended every 10 years; more frequent screening is required if there is a family history.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國非常強調 45 歲後的常規篩檢；台灣則是 50 歲後由國民健康署提供兩年一次免費糞便潛血篩檢。