— 健康促進與維護 · EASY · MCQ —
一位 55 歲個案參加心血管保健初級預防課程。護理師應優先提供哪項關於預防冠狀動脈疾病的建議？
A 55-year-old client is attending a primary prevention session about cardiovascular health. Which advice should the nurse prioritize for preventing coronary artery disease?
- AReplace all dietary fats with complex carbohydrates以複合碳水化合物取代所有膳食脂肪
- BEngage in moderate-intensity aerobic physical activity for 150 minutes per week✓ 正解每週進行 150 分鐘中等強度的有氧身體活動
- CTake low-dose aspirin daily even if blood pressure is normal即使血壓正常，仍每日服用低劑量阿斯匹靈
- DSchedule an annual cardiac stress test to check for silent ischemia安排年度心臟壓力測試以檢查無症狀性心肌缺血
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
初級預防核心在於改變生活型態，降低危險因子。美國心臟協會建議每週 150 分鐘中等強度運動能顯著改善心肺功能。D 選項非預防手段；C 選項現行指南不建議無症狀者常規使用 Aspirin；A 選項過度強調碳水化合物可能導致血糖波動，應建議多元均衡飲食。
Engaging in 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity weekly is a primary prevention strategy that significantly improves cardiovascular health by regulating blood pressure and lipid profiles. This recommendation aligns with current guidelines for reducing coronary artery disease risk through lifestyle modification.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣衛生教育強調定期健康檢查，而美國更強調透過長期生活習慣改變（Lifestyle Medicine）降低整體風險。