— 健康促進與維護 · EASY · MCQ —
一位 55 歲病患進行常規健康檢查。下列哪項活動屬於二級預防的優先事項？
A 55-year-old client is scheduled for a routine health screening. Which activity is the priority for secondary prevention?
- ATeaching smoking cessation techniques教導戒菸技巧
- BProviding nutritional counseling for obesity提供肥胖營養諮詢
- CAdministering a tetanus booster vaccine施打破傷風加強疫苗
- DPerforming a fecal occult blood test✓ 正解進行糞便潛血試驗
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
二級預防的核心在於早期發現與早期治療，通常透過篩檢工具達成。糞便潛血檢查是針對大腸癌的篩檢工具，能及早發現病灶。A 為三級預防中的疫苗接種（一級預防），B 與 A 屬於生活習慣修正，旨在減少危險因子，故屬一級預防範疇。
The core of secondary prevention is early detection and early treatment, typically achieved through screening tools. Fecal occult blood testing is a screening tool for colorectal cancer that allows early detection of lesions. Option C is vaccination (primary prevention), and options B and A are lifestyle modifications aimed at reducing risk factors and therefore fall under the category of primary prevention.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台兩國在癌症篩檢指南略有差異，但對於二級預防的定義與臨床範疇觀念一致。