— 健康促進與維護 · EASY · MCQ —
一位 70 歲女性客戶詢問骨質疏鬆症的篩檢。護理師應解釋哪項檢查？
A 70-year-old female client requests information about screening for osteoporosis. Which test should the nurse explain?
- ARoutine chest X-ray常規胸部 X 光
- BDual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan✓ 正解雙能量 X 光吸收測定法 (DEXA) 掃描
- CBone marrow biopsy骨髓切片
- DSerum calcium level血清鈣濃度
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
DEXA 掃描是診斷骨質疏鬆症的黃金標準，用以測量骨密度（BMD）。血鈣水平無法反映骨質結構，骨髓切片用於血液疾病，胸部 X 光無法評估骨質密度。對於 70 歲女性，常規骨密度掃描是預防骨折的重要健康維護措施。
A DEXA scan is the gold standard for diagnosing osteoporosis and is used to measure bone mineral density (BMD). Serum calcium levels do not reflect bone structure, bone marrow biopsy is used for hematologic disorders, and a chest X-ray cannot assess bone density. For a 70-year-old woman, routine bone density screening is an important health maintenance measure for preventing fractures.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國 Medicare 覆蓋此類篩檢；台灣健保針對 65 歲以上高風險群提供 DEXA 檢查與相關衛教。