護理師正在教導病人有關預防食源性疾病。下列何種食物若處理不當，最可能引起疾病？
A nurse is educating a client about preventing foodborne illnesses. Which food is most likely to cause illness if improperly handled?
- AWhole wheat bread全麥麵包
- BRaw seafood (e.g., oysters)✓ 正解生海鮮（例如牡蠣）
- CFresh apples新鮮蘋果
- DPasteurized milk經巴氏殺菌的牛奶
食源性疾病（Foodborne illness）常源自攝取未經適當烹調或儲存的食物。生海鮮（Raw seafood）因其生長環境及處理過程，極易受到細菌（如副溶血性弧菌）或病毒（如諾羅病毒）污染。由於未經過高溫烹調殺菌，攝取生海鮮是引起食源性疾病的高風險行為。護理師應衛教病人尤其是免疫力較弱的族群，盡量避免食用生食。
Foodborne illness commonly arises from consumption of food that has not been properly cooked or stored. Raw seafood, because of its growing environment and handling, is extremely susceptible to contamination by bacteria (such as Vibrio parahaemolyticus) or viruses (such as norovirus). Because it has not been heated to a temperature sufficient to kill pathogens, consuming raw seafood is a high-risk behavior for foodborne illness. The nurse should teach clients, especially those with weakened immune systems, to avoid raw foods as much as possible.