— 健康促進與維護 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師在常規檢查中評估一位 4 個月大的嬰兒。應預期該嬰兒已達到哪項發展里程碑？
A nurse is assessing a 4-month-old infant during a routine check-up. Which developmental milestone should the nurse expect the infant to have achieved?
- AWalking while holding onto furniture扶著家具行走
- BSitting up without support無需支撐即可坐直
- CRolling from back to side✓ 正解從背部翻轉至側面
- DUsing a pincer grasp使用鉗式抓握
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
嬰兒的發展里程碑有其規律性。4 個月大的嬰兒通常具備足夠的頸部支撐力與軀幹力量，開始能從仰臥姿勢翻身至側臥（部分翻身）。隨著發展，約在 6 個月左右能翻身至俯臥並能獨立坐穩。精細動作如捏取（Pincer grasp）通常在 9-10 個月出現，而扶走則在 10-12 個月左右。評估里程碑有助於早期發現發展遲緩，護理師應根據 Denver II 或其他標準發展量表進行評估。
By 4 months of age, infants typically develop sufficient neck and trunk control to roll from their back to their side or front. Milestones such as sitting independently occur later around 6 months, while walking with support and pincer grasp appear closer to 12 months and 9-10 months, respectively.