一位活動性肺結核病人入院，下列哪項措施對護理師而言是必要的？
A client with active tuberculosis is admitted. Which of the following is essential for the nurse to implement?
- APlace the client in a private room with negative air pressure✓ 正解將病人安置於具有負壓之私人病房
- BLimit visitors to family members only僅限家屬探視
- CImplement contact precautions實施接觸隔離措施
- DWear a standard surgical mask upon entry進入時佩戴標準外科口罩
活動性肺結核（TB）病人具有高度傳染性，病原體經由空氣中的飛沫核傳播。因此，病人必須被安置在負壓隔離病房（Negative Air Pressure Room），確保空氣流向病室內且過濾後才排出，以保護周遭環境。此外，護理師進入病室必須佩戴 N95 口罩，而非一般外科口罩，因為外科口罩無法過濾微小的結核菌飛沫核。這項措施是阻斷空氣傳播的核心。
Active tuberculosis (TB) is highly contagious, and the pathogen is transmitted through airborne droplet nuclei. Therefore, the client must be placed in a negative air pressure isolation room, ensuring that air flows into the room and is filtered before exhausting, to protect the surrounding environment. In addition, the nurse must wear an N95 respirator, not a standard surgical mask, when entering the room, because surgical masks cannot filter the small droplet nuclei carrying tuberculosis bacilli. This measure is central to interrupting airborne transmission.