— 安全與感染控制 · HARD · MCQ —
下列哪位病人發生醫療照護相關感染（HAI）的風險最高？
Which of the following patients is at highest risk for developing a healthcare-associated infection (HAI)?
- AA 50-year-old patient with well-controlled diabetes血糖控制良好的50歲患者
- BA 25-year-old patient with a minor laceration25歲輕微割傷患者
- CA 78-year-old patient with an indwelling urinary catheter✓ 正解78歲留置導尿管的患者
- DA 40-year-old patient post-laparoscopic surgery腹腔鏡手術後的40歲患者
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
醫療照護相關感染（HAI）的風險取決於病人的防禦機制是否受損及侵入性醫療設備的使用。留置導尿管（Indwelling urinary catheter）直接破壞了尿道的天然屏障，形成微生物進入膀胱的直接通道，且生物膜（Biofilm）易在管壁形成，導致導尿管相關尿路感染（CAUTI），這是醫院中最常見的 HAI 類型。
An elderly patient with an indwelling urinary catheter is at the highest risk for healthcare-associated infections because the device bypasses natural defenses and facilitates bacterial entry into the bladder. Biofilms can form on the catheter, making catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) a common and significant hospital-acquired risk.