一位 75 歲病人諮詢維持認知健康的策略，護理師應推薦哪些活動？（選所有適合的）
A 75-year-old client asks the nurse about strategies to maintain cognitive health. Which activities should the nurse recommend? (Select all that apply.)
- AEngaging in lifelong learning and intellectual pursuits✓ 正解參與終身學習和智力活動
- BMaintaining strong social connections✓ 正解維持良好的社交聯繫
- CPracticing physical exercise regularly✓ 正解定期進行體育鍛煉
- DManaging chronic health conditions effectively✓ 正解有效管理慢性疾病
- EAvoiding all forms of mental stimulation to rest the brain避免所有形式的心理刺激以讓大腦休息
針對 75 歲以上高齡者的認知健康促進，應採取多面向的非藥物介入。終身學習與智力活動能刺激神經可塑性（Neuroplasticity），社交連結能降低孤獨感並維持認知功能，規律體能運動能促進腦部血流與分泌神經滋養因子，妥善控制慢性病（特別是心血管相關疾病）能減少腦部缺血性損傷。絕對的「休息」反而會導致功能退化，應鼓勵維持規律且多元的活動。
Cognitive health promotion in adults over age 75 should use a multifaceted, nonpharmacologic approach. Lifelong learning and intellectual activity stimulate neuroplasticity, social connection reduces loneliness and supports cognitive function, regular physical exercise promotes cerebral blood flow and the release of neurotrophic factors, and effective management of chronic conditions (especially cardiovascular disease) reduces ischemic brain injury. Complete 'rest' actually accelerates functional decline; clients should be encouraged to maintain regular and varied activities.