— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
對於有心衰竭病史的病人，哪項活動最能改善其健康？
Which of the following activities is best for a client with a history of heart failure to improve their health?
- AWeightlifting with heavy weights使用重重量進行舉重訓練
- BSprinting to increase heart rate衝刺以增加心率
- CCompetitive sports競技運動
- DWalking at a moderate pace✓ 正解以適中步伐步行
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
心衰竭（Heart failure）病人的運動原則在於維持心肺適能，同時避免過度負荷心臟。有氧運動如健走能增強心肌效率，改善血液循環，且強度可控。相對地，重量訓練、競賽或衝刺會導致血壓瞬間劇烈上升（Valsalva maneuver 的風險），增加心臟後負荷，可能誘發心律不整或心衰竭惡化。臨床護理的核心目標是維持穩定，避免誘發症狀。
Moderate aerobic exercise, such as walking, is recommended for clients with heart failure as it improves cardiovascular efficiency without placing excessive strain on the heart. High-intensity activities like heavy weightlifting or sprinting can cause dangerous spikes in blood pressure and cardiac workload.