— 健康促進與維護 · HARD · MCQ —
護理師為一位有遺傳性非息肉症大腸直腸癌（HNPCC）家族史的病人建議健康促進措施，下列哪項最合適？
Which health promotion measure is most appropriate for a client with a family history of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC)?
- AOnly undergo screenings if symptoms like abdominal pain occur.僅在出現腹痛等症狀時才進行篩檢。
- BWait until age 45 to begin regular screenings.等到 45 歲開始定期篩檢。
- CRely on yearly fecal occult blood tests only.僅依賴每年的糞便潛血檢查。
- DBegin screening via colonoscopy at age 20-25.✓ 正解於 20-25 歲開始透過大腸鏡進行篩檢。
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
HNPCC（林奇症候群）具有高度外顯率的癌化風險，篩檢起始年齡需大幅提前。臨床指引建議從 20-25 歲開始，每 1-2 年進行一次大腸鏡檢查。等待至 45 歲（一般風險起始年齡）對此類病人來說太遲，會錯過黃金治療期。
Clients with Lynch syndrome (HNPCC) have a high penetrance for cancer development, requiring significantly earlier screening than the general population. Clinical guidelines recommend initiating colonoscopy screening between ages 20 and 25, repeated every 1 to 2 years, to detect and remove polyps before they progress to malignancy.
✦ 台美臨床差異
遺傳性癌症篩檢指引兩地趨於一致，均強烈建議高風險家族成員提早介入。