— 健康促進與維護 · HARD · SATA —
護理師對一群年輕女性進行骨骼健康衛教。應鼓勵哪些策略？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a group of young women about bone health. Which strategies should be encouraged? (Select all that apply.)
- AEngage in weight-bearing exercises regularly✓ 正解定期參與負重運動
- BEnsure adequate calcium intake of 1,000–1,200 mg per day✓ 正解確保每日攝取充足的鈣質（1,000–1,200 mg）
- CMaintain adequate vitamin D levels✓ 正解維持充足的維生素D水平
- DAvoid all caffeine consumption避免攝取所有咖啡因
- ELimit smoking and alcohol intake✓ 正解限制吸菸與酒精攝取
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
骨骼健康在年輕時期（骨骼累積期）至關重要，預防骨質疏鬆的核心策略包括攝取足夠的鈣質與維生素 D，並維持規律的負重運動（Weight-bearing exercises），以刺激骨細胞增生。同時，減少骨質流失的危險因子，如抽菸與過量飲酒，對於維持骨密度非常關鍵。衛教重點應放在建立良好的生活型態，以儲存骨本。
Bone health is critical during youth to maximize peak bone mass through weight-bearing exercises, adequate calcium intake, and sufficient vitamin D levels. Lifestyle modifications such as limiting smoking and alcohol further support bone density by reducing factors that inhibit bone formation.