— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師為新診斷高血壓的客戶進行出院衛教，應強調哪些生活型態的改變？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is providing discharge education for a client newly diagnosed with hypertension. Which lifestyle modifications should the nurse emphasize? (Select all that apply.)
- AAdopt a DASH eating plan✓ 正解採用 DASH 飲食計畫
- BEngage in moderate-intensity aerobic exercise for 150 minutes per week✓ 正解每週進行 150 分鐘中等強度有氧運動
- CRestrict sodium intake to less than 2,300 mg per day✓ 正解將鈉攝取量限制在每天 2,300 毫克以下
- DEliminate all forms of dietary fat完全排除所有形式的膳食脂肪
- EMaintain a healthy body mass index (BMI) of 18.5-24.9✓ 正解維持 18.5-24.9 的健康體重指數（BMI）
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
高血壓管理的核心在於生活型態介入。DASH 飲食法、定期有氧運動、控制鈉攝取（建議 <2,300 mg，理想 <1,500 mg）以及維持標準 BMI 皆能有效降低收縮壓。D 選項錯誤，脂肪並非需全數消除，應以選擇不飽和脂肪為原則。
Effective hypertension management involves lifestyle modifications such as adopting the DASH diet, engaging in 150 minutes of weekly moderate aerobic exercise, restricting sodium intake to less than 2,300 mg daily, and maintaining a healthy BMI. Eliminating all dietary fats is incorrect; instead, clients should focus on consuming healthy unsaturated fats while limiting saturated and trans fats.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣飲食習慣中鈉攝取量常過高，護理師衛教時需針對台式烹飪（如醬油、醃漬物）進行轉化。