護理師評估一位採純素飲食孕婦的營養狀況。護理師最應擔心哪種營養素缺乏?
A nurse is evaluating the nutritional status of a pregnant client who follows a vegan diet. Which nutrient deficiency should the nurse be most concerned about?
- AMagnesium鎂
- BVitamin B12✓ 正解維生素 B12
- CVitamin C維生素 C
- DPotassium鉀
護理師評估採純素飲食(vegan diet)的孕婦時,最應關注維生素 B12 缺乏的風險。維生素 B12 對胎兒的神經系統發育至關重要,其缺乏可能導致不可逆的神經損傷和巨紅血球性貧血(megaloblastic anemia)。由於維生素 B12 主要存在於動物性食物中,純素食者若不額外補充,極易發生缺乏。因此,護理師應衛教孕婦關於維生素 B12 的重要性,並建議透過補充劑或強化食品(fortified foods)來確保攝取足夠的劑量,以保障母體與胎兒的健康。
Vitamin B12 is naturally found only in animal products, making deficiency a significant concern for pregnant clients following a vegan diet. Since B12 is essential for fetal neurological development and preventing megaloblastic anemia, the nurse must prioritize education on supplementation or fortified foods to ensure adequate intake.
對於純素飲食的孕婦營養諮詢,美國與台灣的臨床指引皆強調維生素 B12 補充的重要性。雖然兩地對特定劑量的建議可能略有差異,但核心概念一致,即維生素 B12 缺乏對胎兒神經發育的風險極高,必須透過補充劑或強化食品來確保足夠攝取。