— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師為高血壓病史病人提供衛教。下列哪項營養目標最有益？
A nurse is providing health teaching to a client with a history of hypertension. Which nutritional goal is most beneficial?
- AEliminate all protein sources from the diet從飲食中排除所有蛋白質來源
- BIncrease intake of refined grains增加精緻穀物的攝取
- CIncrease sodium to maintain blood volume增加鈉攝取以維持血容量
- DLimit sodium intake to less than 2,300 mg daily✓ 正解將鈉攝取量限制在每日 2,300 mg 以下
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
高血壓控制的營養目標以飲食型態改變為主，DASH 飲食（Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension）是實證醫學推薦的模式。限制鈉攝取量至 2,300 mg 以下（甚至更嚴格至 1,500 mg）能顯著降低血壓。護理師應衛教病患閱讀食品標示，減少加工食品攝取，並鼓勵攝取富含鉀、鈣、鎂的蔬果與全穀類。
Limiting sodium intake to less than 2,300 mg daily helps reduce fluid retention and lowers blood pressure, aligning with DASH dietary recommendations. This nutritional goal is evidence-based for managing hypertension, whereas eliminating protein or increasing sodium would be detrimental to health.