— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師向 50 歲以上成人衛教建議的健康篩檢，應包含哪些內容？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is educating a client about recommended health screenings for adults aged 50 and older. Which screenings should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
- AColorectal cancer screening (e.g., colonoscopy)✓ 正解大腸癌篩檢（例如：結腸鏡檢查）
- BAnnual prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing每年進行前列腺特異性抗原（PSA）檢測
- CMammography every 1-2 years✓ 正解每 1-2 年進行乳房攝影檢查
- DAnnual influenza vaccination✓ 正解每年接種流感疫苗
- ESerum cholesterol screening every 4-6 years✓ 正解每 4-6 年進行血清膽固醇篩檢
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
50 歲以上成人應接受大腸鏡檢查（每 10 年）、乳房攝影（每 1-2 年）、流感疫苗接種及定期膽固醇追蹤。PSA 檢查（B）並非美國預防服務小組 (USPSTF) 推薦的常規篩檢，需與醫師討論風險效益後決定，故不列為常規必選。
Recommended screenings for adults aged 50 and older include colorectal cancer screening, regular mammography, annual influenza vaccination, and periodic serum cholesterol checks. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing is not routinely recommended for all men due to controversial benefits and potential harms, requiring individualized discussion with a provider.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣針對 50 歲以上提供公費大腸癌糞便潛血檢查，而美國更強調大腸鏡，兩者篩檢策略略有差異。