— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師正在衛教一位新開立華法林（warfarin）處方的病人。病人哪項陳述表示需要進一步指導？
A nurse is educating a client about a new prescription for warfarin. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
- A"I should eat plenty of leafy green vegetables every day."✓ 正解"我應該每天吃大量的深綠色蔬菜。"
- B"I will need regular blood tests to monitor my INR."我需要定期抽血監測我的 INR。
- C"I should avoid drinking large amounts of alcohol."我應該避免飲用大量酒精。
- D"I can take acetaminophen for pain relief if needed."如果需要，我可以服用乙醯胺酚來止痛。
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
華法林（warfarin）是一種維生素 K 拮抗劑。飲食中維生素 K 的攝取量會直接影響其抗凝血效果。攝取過多富含維生素 K 的食物（如深綠色蔬菜）會減弱藥效，導致 INR 數值下降，增加血栓風險。衛教重點在於「維持攝取量穩定」，而非大量食用。病人若表示要大量攝取，顯示其對藥物機轉認知不足，需要進一步指導。
Warfarin acts as a vitamin K antagonist, so large or inconsistent intakes of vitamin K-rich foods like leafy greens can reduce its anticoagulant effectiveness. The client needs further teaching because maintaining a stable, rather than high, dietary intake of vitamin K is essential for therapeutic INR levels.